Mahkota Dewa

Classification of Mahkota Dewa

Description of Plant :

Mahkota  dewa is a plant that grows throughout the year, it can reach the height of 3-4m. Its sappy stem with brown greenish bark, white stem in color and taproots.

Leaf :

The leaf has oval, thin, long and sharp edge , flat smooth and non furry surface

Flower :

The flower is small, white in color and has pleasant smell. It looks like clover.

Fruit : 

Mahkota dewa fruit comprises skin, flesh,….and seeds. The fruit is round in shape, has diameter of 3-5cm, smooth surface, drill, green in color when young and red when ripening. The flesh is white, fibrous and watery.

Flesh :

It is the most beneficial component of the fruit, which commonly used in medication 

Seed :

The most poisonous part. It has oval in shape, and the diameter is about 1cm and has brown in color. The inner part is white in color.

Chemical Contents :

1. Leaf             :contains antihistamin, alkaloid, saponin & polifenol (lignin)
2. The fruit skin : contains alkaloid, saponin & flavonoid.
3. Fruit             : alkanoid, tanin, flavonoid, fenol, saponin, lignin, asiri oil & sterol

Characteristics & Benefits :

1. The fruit skin and flesh : cure dysentery ,psoriasis and acne.
2. Leaf and seed :cure various types of skin pain such as eczema, hepatotoxic & antibody.
3. Fruit : antitumour, antidysentry, antiinsecta, cure eczema, hepatotoxic & antibody.

* The new lignin component in mahkota dewa flesh extract has the molecule of  C6 H2O O6 and structure of  5-{4(-menthoxy-phenyl-tetrahydrofuro-[3,4-c]furan-1-yl)-benzene-1,2,3-triol.

Healing capabilities of Mahkota Dewa

1. cancer & tumor

2. Eczema (skin disease)

3. Diabetes mellitus

4. Hypertensive (High blood pressure)

5. Hepatitis

6. Rheumatic (joints paint)

7. Gout Arthritis

8. Heart disease

9. Kidney failure

Notes

-The fruit especially its seed is poisonous, it has to be braised before eaten.

-Pregnant women is prohibited to drink this processed plant.

Hempedu Bumi

Introduction

Hempedu Bumi plant is also known by  local as akar cerita. Hempedu Bumi plant abundantly found in China , India, Thailand and Malay island. Could be easily found at the peat soil. Hempedu Bumi is a herbal plant that grows vertically. This seasonal herbaceous plant can grow until 70-90 cm heights. The upper part of the leaf is dark green in color while the lower part is light green in color, smooth and arranged. The leaf also oval in shape. The stem is green and has many branches.

Harvest Product

1.   Plant maturity : 2 months

2.   Method to pick product : The part of the plant on the soil is harvested manually before the plant starts flowering. Picking process is done   after 1.5-2 months.

Uses and Benefits

Hempedu Bumi leaf can used as the remedy to lower the high blood pressure pressure, besides to cure diabetes, antiinflammation, antibacterial, antivirus, relieve fever and as the phlegm liquefier. It is also used to improve defecation, destroy the worms in digestive system and fasten the blood clotting.

The method to made it as the medicine is by braising the leaf to drink the water. The leaf can cure wound by grinding it and paste it at the wound. Chemical substances in the leaf can brake down the fat molecules that present at the blocked bloodstream that cause the blood pressure to increase. The braised leaf water that has bitter taste trigger it to brake down the lipids molecules.

However, the taste does not attract most of Malaysians. They are more interested to sweet and salty tastes. The excess of sweet and salty can lead to severe diseases but if we balance the tastes is much better for health. This plant also suitable for insects bites. The easiest method is take a few of the leaves and crush them. After that, rub them at the bitten place.

Hempedu Bumi is more popular in treating high blood pressure and fever. The usual method is take a few leaves and clean them. Then, immerse the leaves in warm water and wait until it becomes lukewarm. After that, drink the water. It is quite bitter, especially for those who first time drink the water. Bear in mind, drink once per day.

Sambung Nyawa

Introduction

Sambung Nyawa is an annual plant type that abundantly used in South-east Asia countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand. However it is originated from Myanmar and China. It can live with the height of 1 until 500 meters from the sea levels. It easily breeds through stem and easily grows in shady area, with 40-50% rate of light intensity, air temperature between 20-30 °C and has medium humidity with annual rain fall between 1500-2500mm..It grows vertically, or sometimes the edge collapses and comes out root, wet stem, branches, purplish in color. Can reach 6 meters height and pleasant smell. Single leaf, quite thick, easily brake, has branches. The leaf is egg rounded shape, the edge is end and base pointed, serrated edge, bone fining, colored light green. The flower is orange yellow, it rarely flowering.

Planting and Breeding

Besides surroundings factor, sabung nyawa plant needs fertile soil, and can stands water. The best pH is around 5.5-7.It breeds through stem. It needs much water, but not really wet and sump.

Chemical Contents and Pharmacology Effects

Chemical contents of sambung nyawa leaf are flavonoid (7, 3, 4 trihidroksi-flavon), glycoside kuersetin, fenoleat acid (from kafeat acid, penta kumarat, penta-hidroksi benzoate and vanilat acid) triterpenoid, alkaloid, saponin and tannin.

This plant is cold and neutral. The benefits are antineoplastik, lower warm body, cure lymph disease, kidney disease, skin disease, decrease the blood pressure, lower the blood glucose, antimicrobial, anticarsinogenic, sitotoxic towards cancer cells, hypertensive, stroke, heart disease, high cholesterol, diabetes, disruption toss, fed up vocal cord, fed up scruff, cough and sinusitis.    

Uses and Benefits

Sambung Nyawa can reduce the cholesterol rate and decrease the high blood pressure. In Malaysia it also used to cure constipation, diabetes and cancer. It also used to treat to treat kidney problems. Usually it is eaten fresh. This plant stem commonly used to release fever.

It is also used in medication for for kidney failure, dysentery, throat infection. Besides that, it can be used to stop the bleeding, overcome menstrual cycle problems, improve the kidney function, for animal bite. The corm is used to remove haematom, swelling and brake bone.

Ways to use

For drinking medicine, braise 7-12 fresh leaves, While for external use, grind the fresh leaf and paste at the pain place.

Kunyit Hitam

Introduction

Kunyit hitam is rarely found and has high medication value. Some believes that kunyit hitam has mystic value. In India, it is planted commercially because of its medication value.

Uses

It is used to treat leprosy and it is said can lengthen the age.

Pegaga

Explanation:

Pegaga or its scientific name centella asiatica/hydocotyle asiatica is popular among Malays. This plant grows at the moist soil like garden, farm, roadside and paddy field. It is eaten as vegetables to enhance appetite because its sweet and pleasant smell. It easily grows in fertile area, quite moist and good irrigation system. It is cultivated through shrub’s root. This small plant has many benefits. It is rich in vitamin A, C and ion  which it is always made as vegetable for women after giving birth.

Usually the whole parts of pegaga, has many uses and benefits. In Indonesia, the flower and fruit are not eaten because it it said to be the source of rheumatism if taken excessively. However, there are also people who believe that they might have long live and look young by consuming such herb in their daily meal. However, according to a research, it shows that pegaga can be always eaten but in small quantity for positive effect. This is because the excessive intake of pegaga will lead to narcotic effect and cumulative poisoning that will trigger the tumor growth for long period of time.  

The World Health Organisation (WHO) has accredited pegaga as a herb that trigger the healthy mind to think especially for children. Pegaga that is also known as Centella asiatica has been accredited by WHO as it is rich in various types of medical spices.

FACTS

At first, pegaga are eaten by Indians after seeing the elephant that well known for its long age, always chewing this plant. Therefore, it is eaten for long life. Nowadays it is taken as vegetable and juice because of its taste and smell that increase appetite. Besides, it can be consumed either in raw or in special dishes.

Research that is carried out in 1949 shows that pegaga is effective to cure leprosy and ulcer because of its antibacterial properties. The next research is carried out around 1950s and the results shows that pegaga is very good to cure injury, scabies and irritated skin. As the healthy mind supplement, this herb is very effective to repair the mind function like increase memory and attention.

This herb is start used in Ayurveda medication. It is also used in Shennong herb medication in China about 2000 years old.

Contents

Pegaga that is also known as Centella Herb contains asiaticoside, thankuniside, isothankuniside, madecassoside, brahmoside, brahmic acid, brahminoside, madasiatic acid, meso-inositol, centelloside, carotenoids, hydrocotylin, vellarine, tanin and mineral salts like sodium,potassium, magnesium, calsium and iron.glikosida triterpenoida that is mentioned as asiaticoside are antilepra and an extraordinary injury remedy. Vellarine gives the bitter taste.

Uses

Pegaga can lower the high blood pressure, prevent Alzheimer, extend the aging process and expel the toxin in body. Currently, pegaga is abundantly used in west countries as the nervous tonic to rest and increase memory. In India, it also used to overcome skin problems.

In east, pegaga is used to overcome problems such as distraught that caused by physical problems. The latest research shows positive effect towards blood circulatory system by strengthen the blood vessels and capillaries. It also shows the good effects when used to treat leg cramps, swollen leg, leg problems that feels heavy and numb.

Pegaga leaf functions as astrigensia and tonikum. Pegaga also used for weak body and brain revitalization and also for women fertile.

As a conclusion, pegaga is suitable for these ailments :

1. Swollen liver
2. Fever, Measles
3. Throat pain, Dried cough
4. Asthma, Bronchitis, Pleuritis
5. Red eye inflammation
6. White discharge
7. High Blood Pressure
8. Stomach pain, Dysentery, Worms, Hemorrhoids
9. No appetite, Stomach pain, Dysentery, Worms, Hemorrhoids
10. Food poisoning
11. Bloody cough, Bloody vomit
12. Dropsy, boil
13. Urinary tract infection

Characteristics and Benefits

Traditionally, in Madagascar and East Africa, this plant, dried and crushed, has been used in the treatment of leprosy, bronchitis, asthma, syphilis, and as a wound healing agent. The Indian however, traditionally regard this plant as a potent brain tonic and shows remarkable properties in terms of treating senile decay and loss of memory, whilst it is also alleged to enhance verbal articulation. In Chinese folk medicine, a decoction of this herb is used for the treatment of colds, sunstroke, tonsillitis, pleurisy, urinary tract infections, infectious hepatitis, jaundice, and dysentery; as an antidote for arsenic poisoning, toxic mushroom and as an external poultice for snake bites, scabies, traumatic injuries, and herpes zoster. Sometimes considered as a sedative, this plant has been known to be tonic in Malaysia. Today Centella asiatica is the active ingredient of many drugs and cosmetic preparations in Europe, U.S.A. and Japan in the field of skin care.

Research began on Pegaga (Centella asiatica, or Gotu kola) after its use by the indigenous people throughout tropical Asia was observed. Among its many traditionally uses is as a "cooling" or detoxifying medicine for skin conditions, and for maintaining healthy circulation. It is now one of Asia's most widely researched medicinal plants. Scientific evidence confirms the active constituents, the asiaticosides, accelerate skin healing, relieve inflammation and improve the tone of the circulatory system, especially the veins. The remaining herbs assist the removal of acidic wastes and reduce inflammation naturally.

Gotu kola is a mild adaptogen, is mildly antibacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic, anxiolytic, a cerebral tonic, a circulatory stimulant, a diuretic, nervine and vulnerary.

Temulawak

Introduction

Temulawak is a natural Indonesian herb, but it only grows in Java, Maluku and Kalimantan. Temulawak is considered as bush vegetation and its leaves grow from the root and the height is about 2 – 2.5 m. Its round shaped leaves (similar to Banana Leaves) covered one another and shaped like a stem. Temulawak grows in low level ground up to 750 m above the sea. It can be harvested after 8-12 months, when the leaves turn yellowish. The tuber grows from stem and has dark-yellowish (brownish) color, 15 cm of length and 6 cm of diameters. This tuber smells balmy and tastes bitter.

It has a yellowish color because it contains curcuma substance that works to degenerate bacteria and as a hepatoprotector. Temulawak also contains atsiri essential oil, which is good to improve digestion system, increase appetite and the production of breast-milk.

Prof.Dr.dr. Sujono Hadi, a chancellor of Padjajaran University (UNPAD) Bandung, in the 12th herbal conference in ITB, said that a research has shown that temulawak extract has a good potential to cure liver disease. Temulawak extract is also proven to be good to decrease cholesterol level in the blood and liver.

Plantation

Generally, the plantation of temulawak nowadays is still not be done largely.

To occupy the need of temulawak ,that currently still depends on the source from forest that grows wildly. If the condition continues, it is possible the tragic event that the extinction of some of woody species ,also occurred to temulawak.

It is proved that the amount of wild temulawak in East, has much decreased compared to a few years ago. Thus, the incentive plantation must be done immediately.

For inventarisation  activity, observation-Biological,phytochemical,pharmacology and plantation technology have to be continued and upgraded.

The comparison of temulawak harvested product that is done not seriously, for fertile soil reaches 4-5tonnesper hectare, meanwhile for no fertile soil, only reaches 2-3 tones per hectare. In fertile soil and the plantation is done good enough, the product can reach until more than 100,000 tones dry per year.

Chemical contents

Temulawak contains beneficial components like curcuminoid & asiri oil(3-12%).Temulawak extracts are from ash, protein, fat, harsh fibre, curcuminoid, sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese&cadmium. Temulawak rhizome extracts can be developed as the source of carbohydrates that is used for food or spices in food.

Characteristics&Benefits

The rhizome has sharp smell, bitter and quite spice tastes. Temulawak has benefits of laktoga, kaloga, antiinflamasi, tonikum and diuretic.

In the herbal medication, temulawak is abundantly used to cure ailments such as :

1.Rheumatic and muscles pain.

2.Fever medicine( anti-pyretic)

3.Liver problems, yellow fever, kidney stone

4.Skin diseases.

5.Release cramps and overcome from repeating.

6.Haemorrhoids and irritation at the rectum.

7.Bloody diarrhea and dysentery. Also can cure constipation.

8.Cough and fever for children's.

9.White discharge problems and fungus infection like Candida albican at the vagina.

10.Diabetes.

11.Gastrics and excessive gases.

Temulawak is very effective to cure liver diseases. In several clinical research shows that the hepatitis patients that take temulawak ,3 times a day constantly in 3 month, shows the decreasing of SGOT and SGPT level. SGOT and SGPT is a method to measure the disease stage by blood test. Temulawak is able to protect the liver from viruses that cause  jaundice, hepatitis and other liver diseases.

Durations

Take 3-9g of fresh rhizome (dried 1-5g) and braised it for a while to perpetuates the extracts oil and the rhizome is eaten each time before eat. It also can smoothen the digestion of food. Besides that, it is said can be the remedy for cervical cancer and restore the health of the body warning : do not consume this plant during pregnant as it may cause uterus contraction and lead to miscarriage for the early stage of pregnancy). The long period use of temulawak may lead to intestinal ulcers.

Temulawak and the medication of Hepatitis

In most countries, hepatitis or liver disease ranks the third place of the death factors after infection disease and lung disease. Usually it is said as Hepatitis B that commonly occur very high, around 2.5-19.5%.Moreover for Pulau Jawa community reach until 34.5%.

About 5% of Indonesians or about 8 millions people are infected to Hepatitis B. In other countries like North America and West Europe commonly about 0.1- 0.5%.Currently, in Pulau Raya Atlantic ocean, the rate reaches 50% from the total community reported as carrier.

Coronary heart disease

Besides as the remedy for hepatitis, temulawak especially its curcuminoid, can increase the HDL level (heavy lipoprotein high type that useful to prevent coronary heart disease.)

Its other function is can trigger the secretion of bile, pancreas, as the anti inflammation nutrient and lower the blood pressure.

In lowering the blood pressure, Gunster, researcher from Netherland, report his experiment at 5 cats by intravena injection test from about 1% of diluted temulawak in NaCl salt. It is proven can lower the blood pressure of the cat, although the the mechanism is not cleared.

The other Gunster’s experiment, temulawak can cause contraction of uterus. Thus, pregnant women are encouraged to be careful to use it as the right dose is not confirmed yet.

Temulawak & Breast cancer

Temulawak has more benefits compared to ginseng. Temulawak has more than 100 components, whereas ginseng is limited. Curcuminoid active component and a few other components atsiri oil is beneficial as antioxidant, anti inflammation, antibacterial, antihepatotoxic, anticholesterol,and anti platelet aggregation (blood clotting that can lead to stroke).  Meanwhile one of the atsiri oil components ,xanthorrhizol is anti canser especially breast cancer. Immunomodulator activity from cur cumin (contain in curcuminoid) that can increase the body immune system towards  diseases.

The result of experiment proved that temulawak has no side effect compared to chemical anti inflammation medicine that the price is much more expensive. The consistent consumption of temulawak also can improve the blood circulatory and it is good to prevent stroke.

For direct usage, temulawak can be drunk by braising or  made as juice by adding honey, linden or sour. The encourage dose is 2 grams of temulawak, however the usage  until 6 grams still beneficial.

The usage of temulawak in certain community in Malaysia  is inherited. The result is they become healthier. Besides,the research regarding the benefits of temulawak are much done. We hope that more people will accept this traditional medicine with all the evidences.

Generally, the benefits of temulawak can be classified into seven  which are improve the appetite, repair the digestive system, maintain the healthy liver function, lower the … of joints and bones, lower the fat in blood antioxidant and help in maintaining your health and prevent agglutination of blood.

Drink the braised temulawak for Rheumatic

Some people in east drink  the braised fresh temulawak that is mixed with tamarind or squeezed lime. This drink is made as the alternative or to replace tea.